Machine for inserting fastenings.



L. A. CASGRAIN.

MACHINE FOR INSERTING FASTENINGS.

APPLICATKON FILED JULY 6,1915.

1,280,160, Patented Oct. 1, 1918. v

2 SHEETS-$11551 I.

L. A. CASGRAIN. MACHINE FOR INSERTING FASTENINGS.

APPLICATIQN FILED JULY 6. HHS.

Patented Oct. 1, 1918.- 2 sHEETs-ZMEET 2 TERS ca. PHDTD-LIYIHL, WASHINCYON. u c.

UNITED %TATE% PATENT @FFKQE.

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, T0 UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, or PAJJERSON, NEW JERSEY,

MACHINE FOR INSERTING FASTENINGS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS A. CAsenAIN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Beverly, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Machines for Inserting astenings, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like reference characters on the drawingsindicating like parts in the several figures.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to machines for inserting fastenings, and more particularly to the means for operating work supports in machines for inserting fastenings in boots and shoes.

In machines of this general type, the work is usually clamped between a work abutment and a work support while a fastening is being driven, and is released after the fastening has been driven to permit the work to be moved or fed over the work support into position for the insertion of the next fastening. In such machines, the work support has heretofore been maintained in position to clamp the work against the work abutment in opposition to the force exerted by the fastening inserting mechanism either by devices which operate to lock the work support rigidly in work clamping position or by a spring arranged to urge the work support toward the work abutment. WVhen the work support is rigidly locked, a considerable strainis put upon the fastening inserting mechanism by reason of the unyielding nature of the work support against which it operates, thus augmenting the vibration of the machine and increasing the wear of the parts. When, on the other hand, a spring is relied upon to maintain the work support in work clamping position during operation of the fastening inserting mechanism, it is diflicult to retain the spring under the right tension to sustain the work support efliciently. One of the objects of this invention is to provide improved means for maintaining the work support in work clamping position, and to this end, an important feature of the invention resides in the provision of fluid operated means which will effectively sustain the work support in opposition to the action of the fastening inserting instrumentalities but will nevertheless cushion, to an extent, the blows imparted Onthe Work by such instrumentali- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. it, 1918.

Application filed July 6, 1915. Serial No. 38,157.

ties, in combination with means for the work support relatively to the fluid-operated means to permit feeding of the work between successive operations of the fastening inserting mechanism.

Since the thickness of the work may vary at the diflerent positions where the fastei ings are to be inserted, provisions have been made whereby the relative movement of the work support and work abutment to clamp the work may correspondingly vary to compensate for such variations in thickness and insure uniformity in the work-releasing movement. A locking mechanism is usually provided to hold the work support and work abutment in work clamping relation during the insertion of each fastening and to release them from such relation after each feed movement of the work to permit the work support and abutn cut to assume a new relation due to any variation in work thickness. For the best results, this constantly-recurring locking and unlocking operation should be effected in accurately timed relation with the work clamping and feeding movements. With this iii-view, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improved locking mechanism of the general type above mentioned which will be accurate, certain, and generally effective in operation, and an important feature of the present invention consists in novel means for securing this result, which, while generally applicable to fastening inserting and other machines, has special adaptation for what is understood in the art as high speed machines.

A particular feature of the invention consists in a liquid lock and automatic means for causing it to lock the work support and work abutment in work-clamping relation while a fastening is being inserted and unlocking the work support after the work has been fed to permit the work support and abutment to adjust themselves relatively to each other in work-clamping relation in accordance with the thickness of the work.

Another important feature of the present invention consists in a work support which is normally spring-pressed toward the work abutment when the machine is in operation and an automatically-operated liquid lock which at times prevents and at other times permits movement of the work sponsive to said spring,

moving support, re-

The present invention also comprises dual means for controlling the liquid lock, one of which renders the other effective to opcrate the liquid look when the work support and work abutment are relatively moved. to clamp the work.

The above and other features of the invention, which especially adapt it for use in high speed machines for inserting fastenings, will be hereinafter described in connection with the accompanying drawings of a good, practical form of the invention and the said novel features will be definitely pointed out in the appended claims.

Although the invention is primarily di rooted to the control of work supports in machines used for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, either for ornamentation or resisting wear, it is nevertheless applicable to machines for inserting fastenings for uniting parts of boots and shoes either permanently or temporarily, whether such fastenings have been previously formed or are made in the machine which inserts them. The term fastening is herein employed, therefore, in its comprehensive sense as including slugs, nails, and other similar devices intended to be inserted in a boot or shoe for'any of the usual purposes.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine for inserting fastenings and embodying the present invention, some of the parts being broken away for convenience of illustration;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, some of the parts being omitted, and showing more particularly the liquid circulating connections between the liquid lock cylinder or reservoir and the work supporting plunger;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional detail of the work supporting plunger, casing, and associated parts;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on ir-4r, of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a detached detail partly in section showing the means for rendering the liquid lock effectively operative when the work support is moved upon starting the machine; and

Fig. 6 is a detached detail showing the cam and lever connections for operating the liquid lock.

The machine the line frame for sustaining the operating parts may be of any usual or preferred construction, and in the present instance is shown as comprising a base portion 1 from which rises the column 2. Extending from the column 2 is the head col umn 3 surmounted by the head frame t carrying the fastening inserting mechanism.

The fastening inserting mechanism may be of any construction adapted for inserting fastenings in parts of boots and shoes, but for convenience in the exploitation of the present invention, fastening inserting mechanism, like that disclosed in United States Letters Patent, No. 1,()5Z5,-i79, granted February 18, 1913, on an application of Louis A. Casgrain, is illustrated. This fastening inserting mechanism is driven from a continuously-rotating shaft 5 mounted in the head frame and having secured thereto the fast and loose pulleys 6 and 7 respectively, which may be belted to any convenient source of power, the construction being such that when the belt is placed upon the fast pulley 6 the main driving shaft 5 will be continuously in the patent above-referred-to, the fastening inserting mechanism is controlled as to its operation by a clutch mechanism comprising a shaft 8 extending transversely with relation to the main driving shaft 5 and having concentrically mounted thereon, a roller cage 9 provided with a stop or projection 10 adapted to be engaged by a finger 11 on a lever 12 pivoted at 13 to the head frame and connected by a rod 14: to the treadle 15, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1, the construction being such that upon depression of the treadle 15, operation of the fastening inserting mechanism will be initiated. Mounted upon the main driving shaft is the face cam 16 adapted to engage a suitable pin or roller on the feed arm 17, fulcrumed at 18 on the head frame.

Secured to the head frame is the footplate or work abutment 19, against which the work is clamped by the work support, as will hereinafter be described, when a fastening is being inserted into the work. These various features, as well as the particulars of the fastening inserting or driving means may be conveniently constructed in accordance with such parts as fully described in the Casgrain patent, hereinbefore mentioned; and while the invention is well adapted for association with such fastening inserting mechanism, it will be understood that any other construction of fastening inserting mechanism may be employed,

The work support or horn is mounted for movement. toward or from the foot-plate or work abutment, and in the illustrated form of the invention, comprises the work supporting portion proper 20, which extends upward from a rod 21 guided in the column 2 of the machine frame. The lower portion of the work support is formed by a plunger 22 which will hereinafter be more fully described, and interposed between the plunger 22 and the rod 21 is a toggle, whereby the work support or horn may be raised and lowered a predetermined distance by operation of said toggle, as will more fully appear. The toggle preferably comprises the members 23 pivoted respectively at 24 and 25 to the work supporting rod 21 and the work supporting plunger 22. To the condriven. As fully described nection 25 .between the toggle and the plunger 22 is secured the yoke 26 from the lower end of which extends the rod 27 connected at 28 to one arm of a lever 29 pivoted at 30 to the machine frame.

Pivotally mounted at 13 in the head frame of the machine is the lever 31 which is adapted tobe rocked by connections with a cam 32 on the back side of a cam disk 33 which is adapted to be clutched to or unclutched from the shaft 8, substantially as set forth in the Casgrain patent, hereinbefore referred-to. The lever 31 is preferably provided with the arm 34 carrying a roller, as indicated in Fig. 1, forco6peration with the cam 32.

Pivotally mounted at 35 to the lever 31 is a rod 36 the lower end portion of which is made hollow or recessed as indicated at 38 in Fig. 1, for the telescopic reception of a rod 37, the lower end of which is adapted to be operatively associated at 39 with the lever 29. Secured to the rod 36 is a collar 40 betweenwhich and a collar or disk 41 is interposed the spring 42, the construction being such that upon downward movement of the rod 36 the press the rear end the work support of the lever 29 and raise through the connection of the yoke 26 therewith. A spring 43 co11-- nected at one end to the rear portion of the lever 29 and its upper end to a fixed pin 44, servesnormallyto maintain the lever 29 and its operatingspring 42 in operative relation, so that upon upward movement of the rod 36 the spring 43 will lift the rear end of the lever 29 and lower the work support.

When the cage or clutch member 9 is tripped to start the fastening inserting mechanism into operation, the cam 32 is rotated far enough to rock the lever 31 upon its pivotal mounting 13 to thereby compress the spring 42 and yieldingly raise the work sup ort or horn to clamp the work against the cot-plate or work abutment for the action of the fastening inserting mechanism. As pointed out in the before mentioned, the cam 32 is then unclutched from its shaft 8 and remains in po sitio with the spring 42 under compression and acting upon the work support during the further insertion of fastenings and until the fastening inserting operation is stopped by the release of the treadle 15. p

In machines for inserting a series of fastenings successively, it is necessary to unclamp the work between the work support and the work abutment to permit the work to be fed. This is usually done by depressing the work support during the interval between the insertion of successive fastenings. In the present instance, the work is lowered from the clamping position between tne work support and work abutment by means of the toggle hereinbefore referred spring 42 will act to de Casgrain patent hereinto, which is connected by a link 45 to the arm 46 of a bell crank lever pivoted at 47 to the machine frame, the other arm 48 of said bell crank lever being connected to the lower end of an actuator or rod 49. v The upper end of the rod 49 is connected by a suitable bell crank lever 50 to an appropriate cam on the face of the fast pulley 6, sub stantially as indicated in Fig. 1, whereby upon. rotation of the main driving shaft the toggle is periodically straightened when the work is to be clamped between the work support and abutment during the driving of fastenings and is broken to loWer the work support and unclamp the work to permit feeding.

From the construction above described as one form of the present invention, it will be noted that upon starting the machine into operation for the insertion of fastenings, the work support is yieldingly moved toward the work abutment by the spring 42, the toggle being straightened to clamp the work be tween the work support and work abutment for the insertion of a fastening. Duringthe time a fastening is being inserted, it is essential that the work support and work abutment be relatively locked in workclamping relation; and since the work support. is normally under the yielding action of the spring 42 tending to raise it during theioperation of the machine, it must be further locked from movement toward the work abutment when the work is being fed. After the work has been fed, however, and the toggle is again straightened to clamp the work, it is desirable that the work support be free to respond to the action of its actuating spring 42 thereby to permit the work support and work abutment to assume new positions, according to the thickness of the work or as is sometimes stated in the art, to caliper the work. This constantly re curring locking and unlocking operation must be effected in such timed relation to the work clamping and feeding operations as to insure that the work be held clamped between the work support and work abutment during the insertion of a fastening and be properly measured after each feed move ment of; the work. In machines where such locking and unlocking operations are effected through mechanically engaging and disengaging parts, a disturbance is liable to arise in the timed relation thereof, especially where the machines are run at high speeds. The present invention overcomes this liability of disturbance in the timed relation of parts, and provides means which, while adapted'for use in connection with any usual fastening inserting mechanism, has special adaptation for machines designed to be run at high speeds.

The plunger 22 which is connected to the work supporting rod 21 is associated with a non-compressible liquid circulating system comprising upper and lower liquid chambers, and means are provided whereby the free circulation of the liquid is permitted between the upper and lower chambers when the plunger is to be moved, and is interrupted when the plunger is to be locked from movement. In the present instance, the plunger 22 is provided with an enlarged lower portion 51 and is longitudinally movable in a sleeve 52 suitably bored to receive it and fixed within the plunger casing 53. Above the enlarged portion 51 of the plunger is the upper liquid chamber 5% and below said enlarged portion 51 is the lower liquid chamber 55. These chambers may be variously formed, but in the present instance the enlarged bore of the sleeve 52 is made longer than the enlarged lower portion of the plunger and the upper chamber 54; is provided with a passageway or port 56, the lower chamber 55 being similarly provided with a passageway or port 58. The passageways and ports 56 and 58 leading to the upper and lower liquid chambers, respectively, are connected to liquid conduits 59 and 60, respectively. Mounted on a suitable bracket 61 projecting from the machine frame is the liquid chamber 62 which is connected to the conduits 59 and 60, respectively, by suitable circulating connections such as the pipes 63 and passageways 6 1 at the lower portion of the chamber 62, Fig. 1. Mounted for reciprocating movement in the chamber 62 is the hollow piston or plunger 65' which, when in raised position as indicated in Fig. 4:, permits free circulation of liquid between the upper and lower liquid chambers 5st and 55, and when in lowered position, interrupts such circulation by closing the ports or passageways 64. Since the liquid chamber 62 and the plunger 65 thus control the circulation of liquid between the liquid chambers 54 and 55 they may, for identification, be termed the locking cylinder and locking plunger, respectively.

The locking plunger 65 is connected at its upper portion to a rod 66 jointed at 67 to a lever 68 which is pivoted at 69 to the head frame. Mounted on the main driving shaft 5 is a cam 70 having a cam groove 71 which is engaged by a pin or roller 72 secured to the lever 68, the construction being such that upon each rotation of the main 1 driving shaft, the rod 66, and the locking plunger 65 will be reciprocated; and since the driving shaft 5 is continuously rotated while the belt is on the fixed pulley 6, it follows that the locking. plunger will be continuously and automatically reciprocated.

It is desirable that the locking plunger be effectively reciprocated to lock and unlock the work support only during the fastoning inserting operations; and since such operations are initiated upon depression of the treadle 15, means are provided to control the effective action of the locking plunger and cause it to become efiective in the discharge ofits functions only upon depression of the treadle.

In the present instance, this control of the effective operation of the locking plunger is secured by connections from the work support operating means, as will now be described.

Secured to the column 3 is a guideway 73, Fig. 1, provided with a slot 7 4: through which projects a rack 75 secured to the work support operating rod 36 and adapted to engage a gear or pinion 76 mounted in suitable bearings, such as 77 formed on or secured to the guide 7 3, the construction being such that as the rack is raised and lowered by the rod 36, the gear or pinion will be turned about its axis. Connected to the gear or pinion 76 by a universal or gimbal joint is a shaft 7 8. In the present instance, the gear or pinion 76 is provided with a counter-sunk recess 79 in which is mounted by means of the pin 80, a yoke 81, said yoke being also jointed to the shaft 78 bythe pin 82. Obviously, any other suitable form of universal joint connection between the gear or pinion 76 and the shaft 78 might be employed.

To the lower end of the locking plunger operating rod 66 is secured the yoke 83, Fig. 5, in which is mounted the eccentric pin 84, the eccentric portion of which is embraced by the upper end Fig. 5. The eccentric pin 84 is connected to the shaft 78 by a universal or giinbal joint, substantially as already described for connecting the opposite end of said shaft 78 with the gear or pinion 76, the construction being such that upon rotation of the gear or pinion 76 by the rack 75, the shaft 78 will be turned to thereby control the path of movement of the locking plunger 65 and cause said locking plunger to become eflec tively operative to close and open the circulating connection between the locking cylinder 62 and the upper and lower liquid chambers 54L and 55 when the work support is raised by downward movement of the operating rod 36. From this construction, it will be apparent that upon depression of the treadle and the consequent operation of the fastening inserting mechanism, the work support will be yieldingly moved upward and coincident with said upward movement, the continuously operating looking plunger will be made effective to open and close the passageways or ports 64; and conversely, when the fastenlng inserting operation ceases and the work support operating rod 36 is consequently raised, the locking plunger 65 will again be rendered operatively ineffective.

of the locking plunger 65,

- upper and lower liquid In successive fastening inserting operations, the operative will hold the treadle depressed, the work support will be yieldingly raised to clamp the work between the work abutment and work support, the toggle will be straightened, and the plunger will lock the work support in its work-clamping position. After a fastening has been inserted, the work will be depressed or carried away from the work abutment by breaking the toggle, and to prevent the work support responding to the spring 42, the plunger will maintain the liquid circulation between the chamber closed and consequently lock the work supporting plunger. After the toggle has been broken and the work has been fed, the toggle will at once straighten and the liquid lock will then be released to permit the work support and work abutment to assume work clamping positions in accordance with the thickness of the work, or as is sometimes termed, to caliper or measure the work, whereupon the plunger at once locks the Work support from further movement during the next fastening inserting operation. The action of the liquid lock, both in looking and releasing the work support, is substantially instantaneous and peculiarly well adapted to high speed machines. The locking cylinder 62 may be appropriately formed to cooperate with the locking plunger 65, but in the pres-- ent instance, is shown as being closed at its lower end by a removable plug 85. Rising from the plug 85 is a spindle 86 on which is mounted a hollow cylinder 87 between which and the interior walls of the locking cylinder the locking plunger reciprocates. Mounted on the spindle 86 within the fixed cylinder or sleeve 87 are a series of bai'lle plates 88 having the downwardly-extending leaf portions 89 with suitable openings between, the construction being such that any disturbance of the liquid or oil within the locking cylinder as the locking plunger reciprocates, will be confined to the interior of the fixed cylinder 87 and should any liquid be forced upwardly in the cylinder 87, it will meet the baffle plates and be thrown clownward in the cylinder 87. The number of baffle plates may, of course, be varied; but it has been found in practice that three of such bafile plates effectively prevent the liquid from being thrown upward over the top of the locking cylinder.

It may happen at times liquid may rise between the inner surface of the locking cylinder and the outer surface of the locking plunger, and to insure the return of this to the lower part of the cylinder, the upper inner portion of the locking cylinder is provided with an 011 chamber 90 which is in connnunication with a port or opening 91 leading through the looking plunger and the baffle cylinder 87. The

that some of the latter near its upper end, is provided with an indentation 92 and an opening therefrom leading to the interior of the baffle cylinder so that liquid passing into the oil chamber 90 and through the passageway or port 91 of the locking cylinder, may flow therefrom back through the baffle cylinder to the lower portion thereof.

Suitable means may be provided for supplying any additional liquid that may be necessary from time to time, and as a convenient means to this end, the locking plunger is provided with feed openings 93 near its upper portion leading into the interior of said locking plunger above the baffle cylinder 87.

It will be apparent from the construction described as one good, practical embodiment of the invention, that when the fastening inserting mechanism is at rest and the work support is in its lowered position, work may be removed from or placed upon the work support. During this time, the driving belt may be upon the fast pulley and consequently the toggle and locking plunger will be continuously in operation, but owing to the described connection between the work support lifting rod and the locking plunger operating means, the movement of the locking plunger will be functionally ineffective. Upon depression of the treadle, however, to start the machine, the work support lifting rod will be depressed to raise the work support yieldingly through the lifting spring, and coincidentally therewith, the eccentric pin connection between the locking plunger and its operating means will be turned to change the path of movement of the locking plunger and render it functionally operative to interrupt intermittently the liquid communication between the upper and lower liquid chambers and consequently lock the work support from movement during the insertion of succesisve fastenings and hold it locked while the toggle is broken and until the work is fed, and then unlock the work support momentarily as the toggle is again straightened after the work has been fed to permit the work support lifting spring to measure the work, whereupon the plunger will again close communication between the upper and lower liquid chambers and lock the work support for the next fastening inserting operation.

The operation of the liquid lock in thus locking and unlocking the work support is especially effective and free from lost motion when the machine is run at high speed, and the character of the liquid passageways or ports is such that only slight movement of the locking plunger is necessary either to lock the work support from or free it to movement responsive to its lifting spring.

What is claimed is 1. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of a work support and an opposed normally fixed work abutment, means operative upon starting the machine for yieldingly clamping the work between the work support and abutment, a liquid lock for locking the work support and abutment in work clamping relation, and automatic means for controlling said liquid lock.

2. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of a work support and an opposed work abutment, means operative upon starting the machine for moving the work support toward the abutment, means for moving the work support from said abutment to permit the work to be fed, and an automatically actuated liquid lock for locking the work sup port from movement while the fastenings are being inserted and from movement rosponsive to its actuating means when the work is being fed.

In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of an abutment, a work support which is spring pressed normally toward said abutment when the machine is operating, means for intermittently effecting through the work support a uniform depression of the work to permit the work to be fed between the fas tening inserting operations, a liquid lock for locking the work support from movement while a fastener is being inserted into the work, and automatic means for unlocking the liquid look after the work has been fed to permit the work to be measured by said spring actuation of the work support.

I. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of an abutment, a work support, yielding means operative upon starting the machine for normally pressing the work support toward said abutment during the operation of the machine, means for intermittently effecting through the work support a uniform depression of the work to permit the work to be fed, a liquid lock, and automatic means for controlling the same to lock the work support from movement through said yielding means while a fastener is being inserted into the work and while the wor: is being fed and to then unlock the work support to permit said yielding means to act and measure the work.

5. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, power driven mechanism therefor, a work support movable between a work receiving position and a" position in which it supports the work in operative relation to the said mechanism, yielding means normally acting upon the work support during the operation of the mechine to press the work toward Operative relation to the operating mechanism, means for intermittently moving the work away from the said mechanism to permit the work to be fed, a liquid lock acting through the work support to hold the work in operative relation to said mechanism while a fastener is being inserted into the work, and permitting the work to be intermittently moved from such operative relation for feeding,

and means for releasing the liquid look after the work has been fed to permit said yielding means to measure the work.

6. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of a work support and an opposed work abutment, means for clamping the work between the work support and abutment, a liquid lock for lockin g the work support and abutment in work clamping relation, and means operated by relative movement of the work support and abutment to render the liquid lock operatively effective.

7. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of a work support and an opposed work abutment, means for yieldingly moving the work support toward the abutment, a liquid lock for said work support, and means actuated during movement of the work support toward said abutment for rendering the liquid lock operatively eifective.

8. In a machine of the class described, a work support and a work abutment, means for moving the work support toward said abutment, a liquid lock for the work support, and means actuated by movement of the work support moving means during movement of the work support toward said abutment for rendering the liquid lock effectively operative.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, a spring for moving the work support, means to render the spring effective to move the work support upon starting the machine, a liquid lock for the work support, and a device so tuated through said means for rendering the liquid lock operatively effective. I

10. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support, means for moving the work support, a liquid lock for the work support, automatic means for operating the liquid lock, and means for rendering said automatic means effective through movement of the work support movmg means.

11. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of a work support and work abutment, means for yieldingly clamping the work between the work support and abutment, a liquid lock, and automatic means controlled by said yielding means to cause the liquid lock to hold the work support in work clamping position while a fastening is being inserted while the work is unlock the work support after the work has been fed, and a toggle for moving the work away from the abutment to permit the work to be fed.

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support and work abutment, means operative upon starting the machine for moving the work support toward said abutment, a plunger connected to said work support, a casing having liquid chambers with respect to which said plunger is movable, a locking cylinder in liquid communication with said chambers, and means rendered effective upon starting the machine for intermittently interrupting liquid communication between said liquid chambers and locking cylinder.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support and work abutment, means operative upon starting the machine for moving the work support toward said abutment, a plunger connected to said work support, a casing having liquid chambers with respect to which said plunger is movable, a locking cylinder in liquid communication with said chambers, a locking plunger, means for moving the locking plunger relatively to the locking cylinder, and means operative upon starting the machine for rendering the movements of the locking plunger effective to intermittently interrupt communication between the looking cylinder and said liquid chambers.

14:. A machine of the class described, having in combination, relatively movable members for clamping the work between them, a hydraulic lock for preventing movement of one of said members away from the other, and automatic means for actuating said hydraulic look at intervals during the operation of the machine.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support and work abutment, means for relatively moving them into the work and to in a direction of approach, a hydrauhc lock cooperating with one of said members, automatic means for intermittently operating the hydraulic lock constructed and arranged to lock the work support in work clamping relation to the work abutment and also being fed, and then to unlock it. o

16. In a machine for inserting a series of fastenings into boots and shoes, the combi nation with a work abutment and a work support normally spring pressed toward sai abutment during the operation of the machine,means for intermittently effecting depression of the work to permit the work to be fed between successive fastening inserting operations, a liquid lock cooperating with the work support, and automatic means operative during the fastener inserting operations to lock the work support from movement while each successive fastening is said work support, and

being inserted and to unlock the work support to permit movement thereof after each successive fastening has been driven and the Work has been positioned to receive the next fastening.

17. In a machine for inserting fastenings into boots and shoes, the combination of a work support and work abutment, a shaft, means for operating said shaft, a yielding means and an unyielding means actuated from said shaft for moving the work support into work clamping relation and then by said unyielding means to lower the work support to permit the work to be fed, a liquid lock and automatic means constructed and arranged to cause said liquid lock to lock the work support from movement in opposition to said yielding means while a fastening is being inserted and to free it to movement responsive to said after the work has been fed.

18. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work support and operating means therefor comprising a spring and a toggle operative upon starting the machine to move the work-support and posi tion the work, a liquid lock cooperating with automatic means constructed and arranged to cause said liquid lock to become effective to lock the work-support from movement in opposition to said spring while a fastening is being driven and responsive thereto while the work is being fed and then to release the work support to movement responsive to said spring.

19. In a fastener inserting machine, the combination of a work support, a plunger connected thereto, a casing having upper and lower liquid chambers with respect to which the plunger is movable, a liquid circulating connection between said chambers, a valve for controlling the circulation of liquid from one chamber to the other, and automatic means for intermittently opening and closing the liquid circulating connection be tween said chambers to intermittently lock and unlock the work support during the insertion of a series of fastenings.

20. In a fastening inserting machine, the combination of a work support and work abutment, means operative upon starting the'machine to move the work support toward the abutment, a plunger connected to the work support, a casing providing liquid chambers with respect to which the plunger is movable by said means, a liquid circulating connection between said chambers, a valve for controlling the circulation of liquid between said chambers, and means controlled by the work support moving means for rendering said valve effectively operative when the work support is moved toward the abutment.

21. In a fastener inserting machine, the

y elding means combination of a work support and work abutment, yielding and unyielding means for moving the work support toward said abutment, a liquid lock cooperating with said work support, and means rendered effectively operative by movement of said yielding means for intermittently locking and unlocking the liquid lock.

22. In a fastener inserting mechanism, the combination of a work support and work abutment, yielding means for moving the work support toward said abutment, a plunger connected to said work support, liquid circulating conduits in cooperating relation with said plunger, a valve for controlling the circulation of liquid in said conduits, means for operating said valve, and means between the work support moving means and valve operating means for rendering the valve effective to intermittently interrupt the circulation of liquid in said conduts.

23. In a fastening inserting machine, the combination of a work support and work abutment, yielding means and positive means for moving the work support toward said abutment, a plunger connected to the work support, a casing providing upper and lower liquid chambers with respect to which said plunger is movable with the work support, a liquid circulating connection between said chambers, a valve for controlling the liquid circulation between said chambers, means for'continuously moving said valve, and connections between the said yielding means and valve operating means constructed and arranged to change the path of movement of the valve and render it effectively operative upon movement of said yielding means.

24:. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a shaft, means for rotating the shaft, a work support and work abutment, yielding means and positive means for moving the work support toward the abutment upon starting the machine, a liquid lock comprising a locking plunger, -means for automatically moving said plunger from the said shaft, and connections between the said yielding means and plunger operating means constructed and arranged to give additional movement to the plunger when said yielding means is operated.

25. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a shaft, means for retating the shaft, a work support and work abutment, means for moving the work support toward said abutment, a liquid lock and release for the work support comprising a plunger, connections between said shaft and plunger for operating the latter, an eccentric pin in said connections, and means actuated through the work support moving means for turning said eccentric to render said plunger effectively operative or inoperative.

26. In a machine of the class described, a work support, means for moving it to position the work, and a liquid lock for looking the work support, said liquid lock comprising a locking cylinder and a hollow locking plunger, means for relatively moving them, and means within the plunger to prevent liquid from being ejected upwardly.

27. In a machine of the class'described, a work support, means for moving it to position the work, and a liquid lock for locking the work support, said. liquid lock comprising a locking cylinder, a hollow locking plunger operating within said cylinder, and battle plates within the hollow plunger to prevent liquid from being ejected upwardly with respect to the plunger.

28. In a machine of the class described, a work support, means for moving it to position the work, and a liquid lock for locking the work support, said liquid lock comprising a locking cylinder, a hollow locking plunger extending into said cylinder, a battle cylinder within the plunger, and baffle plates within the baffle cylinder to prevent liquid from being ejected upwardly.

29. In a machine of the class described, work support controlling means comprising a liquid locking cylinder, and a liquid locking plunger extending into said cylinder and provided at its upper portion with a liquid feed inlet.

30. In a machine of the class described, work support controlling means including a liquid locking cylinder, a hollow locking plunger extending into said cylinder, said cylinder and plunger providing at the upper portion of said cylinder a liquid receptacle or chamber, and a liquid communicating connection between said receptacle or chamber and the interior of the plunger to return any liquid that may rise to said receptacle and chamber back to the locking cylinder.

31. In a fastening inserting machine, power-driven operating mechanism therefor, a normally fixed abutment for positioning the work relatively to said mechanism, a work support, and a liquid lock for locking the work support in position to clamp the 32. In a fasten inginsertingmachine, powerdriven operating mechanism therefor, a normally fixed abutment for positioning the work relatively to said mechanism, a Work support, and fluid operated means for maintaining the work support in position to clamp the Work between said abutment and said work support and operating to sustain the work support in opposition to the action of said operating mechanism, in combination with means for intermittently moving the Work support relatively to said fluid-operated means to permit feeding of the work between successive operations of said mechanism thereon.

33. In a fastening inserting machine, a normally fixed abutment, and a work support constructed and arranged to clamp the work between them, a liquid look, a

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member connected to the work support and constituting a part of the liquid lock, and means between the support and said member for varying the distance between the support and member. v

34. In a fastening inserting machine, a normally fixed abutment, and a work support constructed and arranged to clamp the work between them, a liquid lock, a member connected to the work support and constituting a part of the liquid lock, operating means for the support connected to said member, and means between the support and said member for varying the distance between the support and member.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to th is specification.

LOUIS A. CASGRAIN.

Commissioner of Patents, 

